adamc@133
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1 (* Copyright (c) 2008, Adam Chlipala
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2 * All rights reserved.
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3 *
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4 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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5 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
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6 *
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7 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
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8 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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9 * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
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10 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
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11 * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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12 * - The names of contributors may not be used to endorse or promote products
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13 * derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
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14 *
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15 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
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16 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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17 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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18 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
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19 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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20 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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21 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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22 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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23 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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24 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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25 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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26 *)
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27
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28 (* Simplify a Mono program algebraically *)
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29
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30 structure MonoReduce :> MONO_REDUCE = struct
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31
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32 open Mono
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33
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34 structure E = MonoEnv
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35 structure U = MonoUtil
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36
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37 structure IM = IntBinaryMap
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38
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39
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40 fun impure (e, _) =
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41 case e of
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42 EWrite _ => true
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43 | EQuery _ => true
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44 | EDml _ => true
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45 | ENextval _ => true
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46 | EUnurlify _ => true
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47 | EAbs _ => false
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48
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49 | EPrim _ => false
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50 | ERel _ => false
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51 | ENamed _ => false
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52 | ECon (_, _, eo) => (case eo of NONE => false | SOME e => impure e)
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53 | ENone _ => false
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54 | ESome (_, e) => impure e
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55 | EFfi _ => false
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56 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "set_cookie", _) => true
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57 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "new_client_source", _) => true
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58 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "get_client_source", _) => true
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59 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "set_client_source", _) => true
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60 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "alert", _) => true
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61 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "new_channel", _) => true
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62 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "subscribe", _) => true
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63 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "send", _) => true
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64 | EFfiApp _ => false
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65 | EApp ((EFfi _, _), _) => false
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66 | EApp _ => true
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67
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68 | EUnop (_, e) => impure e
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69 | EBinop (_, e1, e2) => impure e1 orelse impure e2
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70
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71 | ERecord xes => List.exists (fn (_, e, _) => impure e) xes
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72 | EField (e, _) => impure e
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73
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74 | ECase (e, pes, _) => impure e orelse List.exists (fn (_, e) => impure e) pes
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75
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76 | EError (e, _) => impure e
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77
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78 | EStrcat (e1, e2) => impure e1 orelse impure e2
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79
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80 | ESeq (e1, e2) => impure e1 orelse impure e2
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81 | ELet (_, _, e1, e2) => impure e1 orelse impure e2
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82
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83 | EClosure (_, es) => List.exists impure es
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84 | EJavaScript (_, e, _) => impure e
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85 | ESignalReturn e => impure e
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86 | ESignalBind (e1, e2) => impure e1 orelse impure e2
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87 | ESignalSource e => impure e
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88 | EServerCall _ => true
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89 | ERecv _ => true
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90 | ESleep _ => true
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91
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92
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93 val liftExpInExp = Monoize.liftExpInExp
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94
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95 val subExpInExp' =
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96 U.Exp.mapB {typ = fn t => t,
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97 exp = fn (xn, rep) => fn e =>
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98 case e of
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99 ERel xn' =>
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100 (case Int.compare (xn', xn) of
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101 EQUAL => #1 rep
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102 | GREATER=> ERel (xn' - 1)
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103 | LESS => e)
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104 | _ => e,
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105 bind = fn ((xn, rep), U.Exp.RelE _) => (xn+1, liftExpInExp 0 rep)
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106 | (ctx, _) => ctx}
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107
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108 fun subExpInExp (n, e1) e2 =
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109 let
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110 val r = subExpInExp' (n, e1) e2
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111 in
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112 (*Print.prefaces "subExpInExp" [("e1", MonoPrint.p_exp MonoEnv.empty e1),
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113 ("e2", MonoPrint.p_exp MonoEnv.empty e2),
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114 ("r", MonoPrint.p_exp MonoEnv.empty r)];*)
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115 r
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116 end
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117
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118 fun typ c = c
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119
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120 val swapExpVars =
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121 U.Exp.mapB {typ = fn t => t,
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122 exp = fn lower => fn e =>
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123 case e of
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124 ERel xn =>
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125 if xn = lower then
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126 ERel (lower + 1)
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127 else if xn = lower + 1 then
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128 ERel lower
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129 else
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130 e
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131 | _ => e,
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132 bind = fn (lower, U.Exp.RelE _) => lower+1
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133 | (lower, _) => lower}
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134
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135 val swapExpVarsPat =
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136 U.Exp.mapB {typ = fn t => t,
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137 exp = fn (lower, len) => fn e =>
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138 case e of
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139 ERel xn =>
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140 if xn = lower then
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141 ERel (lower + 1)
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142 else if xn >= lower + 1 andalso xn < lower + 1 + len then
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143 ERel (xn - 1)
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144 else
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145 e
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146 | _ => e,
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147 bind = fn ((lower, len), U.Exp.RelE _) => (lower+1, len)
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148 | (st, _) => st}
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149
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150 datatype result = Yes of E.env | No | Maybe
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151
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152 fun match (env, p : pat, e : exp) =
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153 case (#1 p, #1 e) of
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154 (PWild, _) => Yes env
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155 | (PVar (x, t), _) => Yes (E.pushERel env x t (SOME e))
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156
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157 | (PPrim (Prim.String s), EStrcat ((EPrim (Prim.String s'), _), _)) =>
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158 if String.isPrefix s' s then
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159 Maybe
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160 else
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161 No
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162
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163 | (PPrim p, EPrim p') =>
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164 if Prim.equal (p, p') then
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165 Yes env
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166 else
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167 No
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168
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169 | (PCon (_, PConVar n1, NONE), ECon (_, PConVar n2, NONE)) =>
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170 if n1 = n2 then
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171 Yes env
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172 else
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173 No
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174
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175 | (PCon (_, PConVar n1, SOME p), ECon (_, PConVar n2, SOME e)) =>
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176 if n1 = n2 then
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177 match (env, p, e)
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178 else
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179 No
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180
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181 | (PCon (_, PConFfi {mod = m1, con = con1, ...}, NONE), ECon (_, PConFfi {mod = m2, con = con2, ...}, NONE)) =>
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182 if m1 = m2 andalso con1 = con2 then
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183 Yes env
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184 else
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185 No
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186
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187 | (PCon (_, PConFfi {mod = m1, con = con1, ...}, SOME ep), ECon (_, PConFfi {mod = m2, con = con2, ...}, SOME e)) =>
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188 if m1 = m2 andalso con1 = con2 then
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189 match (env, p, e)
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190 else
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191 No
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192
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193 | (PRecord xps, ERecord xes) =>
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194 let
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195 fun consider (xps, env) =
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196 case xps of
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197 [] => Yes env
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198 | (x, p, _) :: rest =>
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199 case List.find (fn (x', _, _) => x' = x) xes of
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200 NONE => No
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201 | SOME (_, e, _) =>
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202 case match (env, p, e) of
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203 No => No
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204 | Maybe => Maybe
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205 | Yes env => consider (rest, env)
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206 in
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207 consider (xps, env)
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208 end
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209
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210 | _ => Maybe
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211
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212 datatype event =
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213 WritePage
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214 | ReadDb
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215 | WriteDb
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216 | UseRel
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217 | Unsure
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218
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219 fun p_event e =
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220 let
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221 open Print.PD
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222 in
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223 case e of
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224 WritePage => string "WritePage"
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225 | ReadDb => string "ReadDb"
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226 | WriteDb => string "WriteDb"
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227 | UseRel => string "UseRel"
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228 | Unsure => string "Unsure"
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229 end
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230
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231 val p_events = Print.p_list p_event
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232
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233 fun patBinds (p, _) =
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234 case p of
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235 PWild => 0
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236 | PVar _ => 1
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237 | PPrim _ => 0
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238 | PCon (_, _, NONE) => 0
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239 | PCon (_, _, SOME p) => patBinds p
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240 | PRecord xpts => foldl (fn ((_, p, _), n) => n + patBinds p) 0 xpts
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241 | PNone _ => 0
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242 | PSome (_, p) => patBinds p
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243
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244 fun reduce file =
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245 let
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246 fun countAbs (e, _) =
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247 case e of
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248 EAbs (_, _, _, e) => 1 + countAbs e
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249 | _ => 0
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250
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251 val absCounts =
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252 foldl (fn ((d, _), absCounts) =>
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253 case d of
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254 DVal (_, n, _, e, _) =>
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255 IM.insert (absCounts, n, countAbs e)
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256 | DValRec vis =>
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257 foldl (fn ((_, n, _, e, _), absCounts) =>
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258 IM.insert (absCounts, n, countAbs e))
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259 absCounts vis
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260 | _ => absCounts)
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261 IM.empty file
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262
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263 fun summarize d (e, _) =
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264 let
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265 fun ffi es = List.concat (map (summarize d) es) @ [Unsure]
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266
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267 val s =
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268 case e of
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269 EPrim _ => []
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270 | ERel n => if n = d then [UseRel] else []
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271 | ENamed _ => []
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272 | ECon (_, _, NONE) => []
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273 | ECon (_, _, SOME e) => summarize d e
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274 | ENone _ => []
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275 | ESome (_, e) => summarize d e
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276 | EFfi _ => []
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277 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "set_cookie", es) => ffi es
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278 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "new_client_source", es) => ffi es
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279 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "get_client_source", es) => ffi es
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280 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "set_client_source", es) => ffi es
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281 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "alert", es) => ffi es
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282 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "new_channel", es) => ffi es
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283 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "subscribe", es) => ffi es
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284 | EFfiApp ("Basis", "send", es) => ffi es
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285 | EFfiApp (_, _, es) => List.concat (map (summarize d) es)
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286 | EApp ((EFfi _, _), e) => summarize d e
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287 | EApp _ =>
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288 let
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289 fun unravel (e, passed, ls) =
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290 case e of
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291 ENamed n =>
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292 let
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293 val ls = rev ls
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294 in
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295 case IM.find (absCounts, n) of
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296 NONE => [Unsure]
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297 | SOME len =>
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298 if passed < len then
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299 ls
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300 else
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301 ls @ [Unsure]
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302 end
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303 | ERel n => List.revAppend (ls,
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304 if n = d then
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305 [UseRel, Unsure]
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306 else
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307 [Unsure])
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308 | EApp (f, x) =>
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309 unravel (#1 f, passed + 1, summarize d x @ ls)
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310 | _ => [Unsure]
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311 in
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312 unravel (e, 0, [])
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313 end
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adamc@252
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314
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adamc@579
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315 | EAbs (_, _, _, e) => List.filter (fn UseRel => true
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adamc@579
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316 | _ => false) (summarize (d + 1) e)
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adamc@316
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317
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adamc@579
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318 | EUnop (_, e) => summarize d e
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adamc@579
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319 | EBinop (_, e1, e2) => summarize d e1 @ summarize d e2
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adamc@470
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320
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adamc@579
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321 | ERecord xets => List.concat (map (summarize d o #2) xets)
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adamc@579
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322 | EField (e, _) => summarize d e
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323
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adamc@579
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324 | ECase (e, pes, _) =>
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325 let
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326 val lss = map (fn (p, e) => summarize (d + patBinds p) e) pes
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327 in
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328 case lss of
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329 [] => raise Fail "Empty pattern match"
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330 | ls :: lss =>
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adamc@579
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331 if List.all (fn ls' => ls' = ls) lss then
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332 summarize d e @ ls
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333 else
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334 [Unsure]
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335 end
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adamc@579
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336 | EStrcat (e1, e2) => summarize d e1 @ summarize d e2
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adamc@316
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337
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adamc@579
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338 | EError (e, _) => summarize d e @ [Unsure]
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adamc@318
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339
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adamc@579
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340 | EWrite e => summarize d e @ [WritePage]
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adamc@579
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341
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adamc@579
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342 | ESeq (e1, e2) => summarize d e1 @ summarize d e2
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adamc@579
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343 | ELet (_, _, e1, e2) => summarize d e1 @ summarize (d + 1) e2
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adamc@456
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344
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adamc@579
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345 | EClosure (_, es) => List.concat (map (summarize d) es)
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adamc@470
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346
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adamc@579
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347 | EQuery {query, body, initial, ...} =>
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adamc@579
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348 List.concat [summarize d query,
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adamc@579
|
349 summarize (d + 2) body,
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adamc@579
|
350 summarize d initial,
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adamc@579
|
351 [ReadDb]]
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adamc@470
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352
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adamc@579
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353 | EDml e => summarize d e @ [WriteDb]
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adamc@579
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354 | ENextval e => summarize d e @ [WriteDb]
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adamc@579
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355 | EUnurlify (e, _) => summarize d e
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adamc@579
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356 | EJavaScript (_, e, _) => summarize d e
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adamc@579
|
357 | ESignalReturn e => summarize d e
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adamc@579
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358 | ESignalBind (e1, e2) => summarize d e1 @ summarize d e2
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adamc@579
|
359 | ESignalSource e => summarize d e
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adamc@608
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360
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adamc@614
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361 | EServerCall (e, ek, _) => summarize d e @ summarize d ek @ [Unsure]
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adamc@670
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362 | ERecv (e, ek, _) => summarize d e @ summarize d ek @ [Unsure]
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adamc@695
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363 | ESleep (e, ek) => summarize d e @ summarize d ek @ [Unsure]
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adamc@579
|
364 in
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adamc@579
|
365 (*Print.prefaces "Summarize"
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adamc@579
|
366 [("e", MonoPrint.p_exp MonoEnv.empty (e, ErrorMsg.dummySpan)),
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adamc@579
|
367 ("d", Print.PD.string (Int.toString d)),
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adamc@579
|
368 ("s", p_events s)];*)
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adamc@579
|
369 s
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adamc@579
|
370 end
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adamc@470
|
371
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adamc@470
|
372 fun exp env e =
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adamc@470
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373 let
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adamc@470
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374 (*val () = Print.prefaces "exp" [("e", MonoPrint.p_exp env (e, ErrorMsg.dummySpan))]*)
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adamc@470
|
375
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adamc@470
|
376 val r =
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adamc@470
|
377 case e of
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adamc@470
|
378 ERel n =>
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adamc@470
|
379 (case E.lookupERel env n of
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adamc@470
|
380 (_, _, SOME e') => #1 e'
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adamc@470
|
381 | _ => e)
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adamc@470
|
382 | ENamed n =>
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adamc@470
|
383 (case E.lookupENamed env n of
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adamc@470
|
384 (_, _, SOME e', _) => ((*Print.prefaces "Switch" [("n", Print.PD.string (Int.toString n)),
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adamc@470
|
385 ("e'", MonoPrint.p_exp env e')];*)
|
adamc@470
|
386 #1 e')
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adamc@470
|
387 | _ => e)
|
adamc@470
|
388
|
adamc@470
|
389 | EApp ((EAbs (x, t, _, e1), loc), e2) =>
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adamc@470
|
390 ((*Print.prefaces "Considering" [("e1", MonoPrint.p_exp (E.pushERel env x t NONE) e1),
|
adamc@694
|
391 ("e2", MonoPrint.p_exp env e2),
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adamc@694
|
392 ("sub", MonoPrint.p_exp env (reduceExp env (subExpInExp (0, e2) e1)))];*)
|
adamc@470
|
393 if impure e2 then
|
adamc@470
|
394 #1 (reduceExp env (ELet (x, t, e2, e1), loc))
|
adamc@470
|
395 else
|
adamc@470
|
396 #1 (reduceExp env (subExpInExp (0, e2) e1)))
|
adamc@470
|
397
|
adamc@470
|
398 | ECase (e', pes, {disc, result}) =>
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adamc@442
|
399 let
|
adamc@470
|
400 fun push () =
|
adamc@470
|
401 case result of
|
adamc@470
|
402 (TFun (dom, result), loc) =>
|
adamc@470
|
403 if List.all (fn (_, (EAbs _, _)) => true | _ => false) pes then
|
adamc@470
|
404 EAbs ("_", dom, result,
|
adamc@470
|
405 (ECase (liftExpInExp 0 e',
|
adamc@470
|
406 map (fn (p, (EAbs (_, _, _, e), _)) =>
|
adamc@470
|
407 (p, swapExpVarsPat (0, patBinds p) e)
|
adamc@470
|
408 | _ => raise Fail "MonoReduce ECase") pes,
|
adamc@470
|
409 {disc = disc, result = result}), loc))
|
adamc@470
|
410 else
|
adamc@470
|
411 e
|
adamc@470
|
412 | _ => e
|
adamc@318
|
413
|
adamc@470
|
414 fun search pes =
|
adamc@470
|
415 case pes of
|
adamc@470
|
416 [] => push ()
|
adamc@470
|
417 | (p, body) :: pes =>
|
adamc@470
|
418 case match (env, p, e') of
|
adamc@470
|
419 No => search pes
|
adamc@470
|
420 | Maybe => push ()
|
adamc@470
|
421 | Yes env => #1 (reduceExp env body)
|
adamc@470
|
422 in
|
adamc@470
|
423 search pes
|
adamc@470
|
424 end
|
adamc@318
|
425
|
adamc@470
|
426 | EField ((ERecord xes, _), x) =>
|
adamc@470
|
427 (case List.find (fn (x', _, _) => x' = x) xes of
|
adamc@470
|
428 SOME (_, e, _) => #1 e
|
adamc@470
|
429 | NONE => e)
|
adamc@398
|
430
|
adamc@470
|
431 | ELet (x1, t1, (ELet (x2, t2, e1, b1), loc), b2) =>
|
adamc@470
|
432 let
|
adamc@470
|
433 val e' = (ELet (x2, t2, e1,
|
adamc@470
|
434 (ELet (x1, t1, b1,
|
adamc@470
|
435 liftExpInExp 1 b2), loc)), loc)
|
adamc@442
|
436 in
|
adamc@470
|
437 (*Print.prefaces "ELet commute" [("e", MonoPrint.p_exp env (e, loc)),
|
adamc@470
|
438 ("e'", MonoPrint.p_exp env e')];*)
|
adamc@470
|
439 #1 (reduceExp env e')
|
adamc@470
|
440 end
|
adamc@470
|
441 | EApp ((ELet (x, t, e, b), loc), e') =>
|
adamc@470
|
442 #1 (reduceExp env (ELet (x, t, e,
|
adamc@470
|
443 (EApp (b, liftExpInExp 0 e'), loc)), loc))
|
adamc@470
|
444
|
adamc@470
|
445 | ELet (x, t, e', (EAbs (x', t' as (TRecord [], _), ran, e''), loc)) =>
|
adamc@470
|
446 (*if impure e' then
|
adamc@470
|
447 e
|
adamc@470
|
448 else*)
|
adamc@470
|
449 (* Seems unsound in general without the check... should revisit later *)
|
adamc@470
|
450 EAbs (x', t', ran, (ELet (x, t, liftExpInExp 0 e', swapExpVars 0 e''), loc))
|
adamc@470
|
451
|
adamc@470
|
452 | ELet (x, t, e', b) =>
|
adamc@470
|
453 let
|
adamc@470
|
454 fun doSub () =
|
adamc@470
|
455 #1 (reduceExp env (subExpInExp (0, e') b))
|
adamc@470
|
456
|
adamc@470
|
457 fun trySub () =
|
adamc@470
|
458 case t of
|
adamc@470
|
459 (TFfi ("Basis", "string"), _) => doSub ()
|
adamc@568
|
460 | (TSignal _, _) => e
|
adamc@470
|
461 | _ =>
|
adamc@470
|
462 case e' of
|
adamc@470
|
463 (ECase _, _) => e
|
adamc@470
|
464 | _ => doSub ()
|
adamc@470
|
465 in
|
adamc@470
|
466 if impure e' then
|
adamc@470
|
467 let
|
adamc@470
|
468 val effs_e' = summarize 0 e'
|
adamc@489
|
469 val effs_e' = List.filter (fn x => x <> UseRel) effs_e'
|
adamc@470
|
470 val effs_b = summarize 0 b
|
adamc@470
|
471
|
adamc@470
|
472 (*val () = Print.prefaces "Try"
|
adamc@489
|
473 [("e", MonoPrint.p_exp env (e, ErrorMsg.dummySpan)),
|
adamc@489
|
474 ("e'", p_events effs_e'),
|
adamc@489
|
475 ("b", p_events effs_b)]*)
|
adamc@470
|
476
|
adamc@470
|
477 fun does eff = List.exists (fn eff' => eff' = eff) effs_e'
|
adamc@470
|
478 val writesPage = does WritePage
|
adamc@470
|
479 val readsDb = does ReadDb
|
adamc@470
|
480 val writesDb = does WriteDb
|
adamc@470
|
481
|
adamc@470
|
482 fun verifyUnused eff =
|
adamc@470
|
483 case eff of
|
adamc@481
|
484 UseRel => false
|
adamc@470
|
485 | _ => true
|
adamc@470
|
486
|
adamc@470
|
487 fun verifyCompatible effs =
|
adamc@470
|
488 case effs of
|
adamc@470
|
489 [] => false
|
adamc@470
|
490 | eff :: effs =>
|
adamc@470
|
491 case eff of
|
adamc@470
|
492 Unsure => false
|
adamc@481
|
493 | UseRel => List.all verifyUnused effs
|
adamc@470
|
494 | WritePage => not writesPage andalso verifyCompatible effs
|
adamc@470
|
495 | ReadDb => not writesDb andalso verifyCompatible effs
|
adamc@470
|
496 | WriteDb => not writesDb andalso not readsDb andalso verifyCompatible effs
|
adamc@470
|
497 in
|
adamc@470
|
498 (*Print.prefaces "verifyCompatible"
|
adamc@601
|
499 [("e'", MonoPrint.p_exp env e'),
|
adamc@601
|
500 ("b", MonoPrint.p_exp (E.pushERel env x t NONE) b),
|
adamc@601
|
501 ("effs_e'", Print.p_list p_event effs_e'),
|
adamc@601
|
502 ("effs_b", Print.p_list p_event effs_b)];*)
|
adamc@601
|
503 if List.null effs_e' orelse (List.all (fn eff => eff <> Unsure) effs_e'
|
adamc@601
|
504 andalso verifyCompatible effs_b) then
|
adamc@470
|
505 trySub ()
|
adamc@470
|
506 else
|
adamc@470
|
507 e
|
adamc@470
|
508 end
|
adamc@470
|
509 else
|
adamc@442
|
510 trySub ()
|
adamc@442
|
511 end
|
adamc@252
|
512
|
adamc@470
|
513 | EStrcat ((EPrim (Prim.String s1), _), (EPrim (Prim.String s2), _)) =>
|
adamc@470
|
514 EPrim (Prim.String (s1 ^ s2))
|
adamc@268
|
515
|
adamc@572
|
516 | ESignalBind ((ESignalReturn e1, loc), e2) =>
|
adamc@572
|
517 #1 (reduceExp env (EApp (e2, e1), loc))
|
adamc@572
|
518
|
adamc@470
|
519 | _ => e
|
adamc@470
|
520 in
|
adamc@470
|
521 (*Print.prefaces "exp'" [("r", MonoPrint.p_exp env (r, ErrorMsg.dummySpan))];*)
|
adamc@470
|
522 r
|
adamc@470
|
523 end
|
adamc@470
|
524
|
adamc@470
|
525 and bind (env, b) =
|
adamc@470
|
526 case b of
|
adamc@470
|
527 U.Decl.Datatype (x, n, xncs) => E.pushDatatype env x n xncs
|
adamc@470
|
528 | U.Decl.RelE (x, t) => E.pushERel env x t NONE
|
adamc@470
|
529 | U.Decl.NamedE (x, n, t, eo, s) => E.pushENamed env x n t (Option.map (reduceExp env) eo) s
|
adamc@470
|
530
|
adamc@470
|
531 and reduceExp env = U.Exp.mapB {typ = typ, exp = exp, bind = bind} env
|
adamc@470
|
532
|
adamc@470
|
533 fun decl env d = d
|
adamc@398
|
534 in
|
adamc@470
|
535 U.File.mapB {typ = typ, exp = exp, decl = decl, bind = bind} E.empty file
|
adamc@398
|
536 end
|
adamc@133
|
537
|
adamc@133
|
538 end
|